have you heard the term " grey rock." it means when someone is hassling you or bothering you, you only give them the minimum blandest answer. it works for annoying relatives and annoying colleagues. don't argue, don't share your personal information, don't give lots of explanations. when she hassles you about your work, say "the ceo prefers i do it this way." and then say nothing else. or say someting like "this is the standard way." someone who is skilled socially could turn it back on her: oh auntie, are the measurements too small for you? maybe you should look into reading glasses ... without big consequences, but if you do something like this you will be bullied more. if you try to diagnose another adult, you will not be well liked. it sounds like you are female and you don't have any friends or allies in the office? rather than focusing the people who bother you and their mental problems, focus on making allies with the other workers. they are probably annoyed by the lady muttering too. if you get two allies, they will probably support you wearing your noise cancelling ears again. get allies and maybe together you can make a less disruptive workplace. this is a basic English social skills book for kids and handling classmates (coworkers). I don't know if there's something like this for Japan (yen?) , and I don't know if the suggestions will be helpful because they're meant for general american societal norms. but maybe you'll find it interesting: https://www.amazon.com/Growing-Friendships-Making-Keeping-Friends/dp/1582705887 eta: the employee yelling at the young interns is maybe an easiest and most helpful place to start. mentally maybe this one thing takes a big toll on you? other people probably don't like to listen to his shouting either. the interns hopefully have some protections or an advisor to stop abuse. make allies with other workers, see if they suggest ways to get him to stop this behavior without risking your position or reputation.
